EVALUATION OF FACIAL ASYMMETRY FOLLOWING ZYGOMATICOMAXILLARY COMPLEX FRACTURE REDUCTION USING TWO-POINT VERSUS THREE POINT FIXATION

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. Faculty Of Dentistry. October University of Modern Sciences and Art. Egypt

2 Assistant Professor of Oral Radiology. Faculty Of Dentistry. October University of Modern Sciences and Art. Egypt

Abstract

Objective
was to evaluate the degree of facial asymmetry after ZMC fracture reduction with two‑point fixation in comparison to three point fixation.
Materials and methods:
Retrospective study was done on patients reported to the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Cairo University. for evaluation and management of ZMC fracture from 2021 to 2023. 24 eligible patients were included: Twelve patients received 2-point fixation at zygomaticofronal and zygomaticomaxillary buttress region. (Group A). Twelve patients received 3-point fixation at zygomaticofronal, zygomaticomaxillary buttress and additional fixation was done in the infraorbital region. (Group B)
Facial asymmetry was evaluated using zygomatic complex projection (ZCP) comparison on both sides & comparison between the location of the most prominent point of the zygoma, malar eminence (ME) to establish mid-facial symmetry, before and after surgery in both groups.
Results:
For facial asymmetry index measurements in Group (A) the Mean value was 5.63±1.365 preoperatively then reduced to 2.28±0.432 showing highly statistical significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05)
For facial asymmetry index measurements in Group (B), the Mean value was 4.68±1.102 preoperatively then reduced to 2.36±0.498 showing highly statistical significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05)
When the two groups were compared to each other’s, the variations between them regarding mean of ZCP and facial asymmetry were statistically non-significant (P ≤ 0.05) pre & post operatively.
Conclusion
Fractured ZMC can be managed successfully using 2 or 3 point fixation with improved postoperative facial symmetry results. Both surgical techniques showed similar results yet with fewer surgical incisions in 2 points fixation group.

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